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An 1847 depiction of the Norse
as described in the
17th-century depiction of the Tree of Life in ,
, here , flank a Tree of Life, a very common motif in the art of the ancient
and Mediterranean
The tree of life is a widespread myth () or
in the world's , related to the concept of
more generally, and hence in
tradition.
The expression
was used as a
of common descent in the
sense in a famous passage by
The , connecting to
and the , and the tree of life, connecting all forms of creation, are both forms of the
or cosmic tree, according to the , and are portrayed in various religions and philosophies as the same tree.
This article may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's . . The
may contain suggestions. (January 2016)
Various trees of life are recounted in ,
and , often relating to
or . They had their origin in religious symbolism.
The Eternal Banyan Tree (Akshaya Vata) is located on the bank of the Yamuna inside the courtyard of Allahabad Fort near the confluence of the Yamuna and Ganga Rivers in Allahabad. The eternal and divine nature of this tree has been documented at length in the scriptures.[]
During the cyclic destruction of creation when the whole earth was enveloped by waters, akshaya vata remained unaffected. It is on the leaves of this tree that Lord Krishna rested in the form of a baby when land was no longer visible. And it is here that the immortal sage, Markandeya, received the cosmic vision of the Lord. It is under this tree that Buddha meditates eternally. Legend also has it that the Bodi tree at Gaya is a manifestation of this tree.[]
world tree is a large, sacred
tree which bears all seeds.
(Ahreman, Angremainyu) created a frog to invade the tree and destroy it, aiming to prevent all trees from growing on the earth. As a reaction, God (Ahura Mazda) created two kar fish staring at the frog to guard the tree. The two fish are always staring at the frog and stay ready to react to it. Because Ahriman is responsible for all evil including death, while Ahura Mazda is responsible for all good (including life) the concept of world tree in
is very closely related to the concept of Tree of Life.
The sacred plant
and the drink made from it. The preparation of the drink from the plant by pounding and the drinking of it are central features of Zoroastrian ritual. Haoma is also personified as a divinity. It bestows essential vital qualities—health, fertility, husbands for maidens, even immortality. The source of the earthly haoma plant is a shining white tree that grows on a paradisiacal mountain. Sprigs of this white haoma were brought to earth by divine birds.
Haoma is the Avestan form of the Sanskrit soma. The near identity of the two in ritual significance is considered by scholars to point to a salient feature of an Indo-Iranian religion antedating Zoroastrianism.
Another related issue in ancient mythology of
is the myth of , two trees who were the ancestors of all living beings. This myth can be considered as a prototype for the
where living beings are created by Gods (who have a human form).
Worshipping Osiris, Isis, and Horus
To the Ancient Egyptians, the Tree of Life represented the hierarchical chain of events that brought everything into existence. The spheres of the Tree of Life demonstrate the order, process, and method of creation.
In , in the
system of , the first couple, apart from
(moisture and dryness) and
(earth and sky), are
and . They were said to have emerged from the
tree of , which the Egyptians considered the tree of life, referring to it as the "tree in which life and death are enclosed".
A much later myth relates how
and 72 conspirators killed Osiris, putting him in a coffin, and throwing it into the , the coffin becoming embedded in the base of a .
The Egyptians' Holy
also stood on the threshold of life and death, connecting the two worlds.
Assyrian tree of life, from
Tree of Life was represented by a series of nodes and criss-crossing lines. It was apparently an important religious symbol, often attended to in
by human or eagle-headed , or the King, and blessed or fertilized with .
have not reached consensus as to the meaning of this symbol. The name "Tree of Life" has been attributed to it b it is not used in the Assyrian sources. In fact, no textual evidence pertaining to the symbol is known to exist.
is a similar quest for immortality. In , Etana searches for a 'plant of birth' to provide him with a son. This has a solid provenance of antiquity, being found in
Tree of Life
In ancient , the Tree of Life was a religious symbol and was drawn on walls of fortresses and carved on the armor of warriors. The branches of the tree were equally divided on the right and left sides of the stem, with each branch having one leaf, and one leaf on the apex of the tree. Servants stood on each side of the tree with one of their hands up as if they are taking care of the tree.
, Hebrew for "tree of life," is a common term used in Judaism. The expression, found in the , is figuratively applied to the
itself. Etz Chaim is also a common name for
as well as for works of . It is also used to describe each of the wooden poles to which the parchment of a
is attached.
The tree of life
it is distinct from the . After
disobeyed God by eating fruit from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, they were driven out of the . Remaining in the garden, however, was the tree of life. To prevent their access to this tree in the future,
with a flaming sword were placed at the east of the garden. ()
In the Book of Proverbs, the tree of life is associated with : "[Wisdom] is a tree of life to them that lay hold upon her, and happy [is every one] that retaineth her." () In
the tree of life is associated with calmness: "A soothing tong but perverseness therein is a wound to the spirit."
The , generally considered , states that in the time of the great judgment God will give all those whose names are in the
fruit to eat from the Tree of Life.
The Bo tree, also called
tree, according to Buddhist tradition, is the pipal () under which the Buddha sat when he attained Enlightenment (Bodhi) at Bodh Gaya (near Gaya, west-central Bihar state, India). A living pipal at Anuradhapura, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), is said to have grown from a cutting from the Bo tree sent to that city by King Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE.
According to Tibetan tradition when Buddha went to the holy Lake Manasorovar along with 500 monks, he took with him the energy of Prayaga Raj. Upon his arrival, he installed the energy of Prayaga Raj near Lake Manasorovar, at a place now known as Prayang. Then he planted the seed of this eternal banyan tree next to Mt. Kailash on a mountain known as the "Palace of Medicine Buddha".
Bronze Tree with birds, flowers, and ornaments from
In , a carving of a Tree of Li the dragon often represents immortality. A
story tells of a tree that produces a
every three thousand years, and anyone who eats the fruit receives immortality.
discovery in the 1990s was of a sacrificial pit at
in , . Dating from about 1200 , it contained three
trees, one of them 4 meters high. At the base was a dragon, and fruit hanging from the lower branches. At the top is a bird-like (phoenix) creature with claws. Also found in Sichuan, from the late
(c 25 – 220 CE), is another tree of life. The
base is guarded by a horned beast with wings. The leaves of the tree represent coins and people. At the apex is a bird with coins and the .
In , the Tree of Life represents the immaculate state of humanity free from corruption and
before the .
has said that "the Cross is the true tree of life."
taught that the medicinal fruit of the Tree of Life is Christ himself.
taught that the , the Body and Blood of Christ, is the Fruit of the Tree of Life.
said that the tree of life is Christ: "All these things stood for something other than what they were, but all the same they were themselves bodily realities. And when the narrator mentioned them he was not employing figurative language, but giving an explicit account of things which had a forward reference that was figurative. So then the tree of life also was Christ... and indeed God did not wish the man to live in Paradise without the mysteries of spiritual things being presented to him in bodily form. So then in the other trees he was provided with nourishment, in this one with a sacrament... He is rightly called whatever came before him in order to signify him."
The tree first appeared in Genesis 2:9 and 3:22-24 as the source of eternal life in the , from which access is revoked when man is driven from the garden. It then reappears in the last book of the Bible, the Book of Revelation, and most predominantly in the last chapter of that book (Chapter 22) as a part of the new garden of paradise. Access is then no longer forbidden, for those who "wash their robes" (or as the textual variant in the King James Version has it, "they that do his commandments") "have right to the tree of life" (v.14). A similar statement appears in Rev 2:7, where the tree of life is promised as a reward to those who overcome. Revelation 22 begins with a reference to the "pure river of water of life" which proceeds "out of the throne of God". The river seems to feed two trees of life, one "on either side of the river" which "bear twelve manner of fruits" "and the leaves of the tree were for healing of the nations" (v.1-2). Or this may indicate that the tree of life is a vine that grows on both sides of the river, as John 15:1 would hint at.
In Eastern Christianity the tree of life is the love of God.
Carpet Tree of Life
The "Tree of Immortality" (Arabic: ???? ??????) is the tree of life motif as it appears in the . It is also alluded to in hadiths and tafsir. Unlike the , the Quran mentions only one tree in Eden, also called the tree of immortality, which Allah specifically forbade to Adam and Eve. Satan, disguised as a serpent, repeatedly told Adam to eat from the tree, and eventually both Adam and Eve did so, thus disobeying Allah. The hadiths also speak about other trees in heaven.
According to the Indian
movement founded in 1889, Quranic reference to
eating of the forbidden tree signifies that Adam disobeyed God.
The concept of the tree of life appears in the writings of the , where it can refer to the , a great teacher who appears to humanity from age to age. An example of this can be found in the
"Have ye forgotten that true and radiant morn, when in those hallowed and blessed surroundings ye were all gathered in My presence beneath the shade of the tree of life, which is planted in the all-glorious paradise? Awestruck ye listened as I gave utterance to these three most holy words: O friends! Prefer not your will to Mine, never desire that which I have not desired for you, and approach Me not with lifeless hearts, defiled with worldly desires and cravings. Would ye but sanctify your souls, ye would at this present hour recall that place and those surroundings, and the truth of My utterance should be made evident unto all of you."
Also, in the
"Verily He is the Tree of Life, that bringeth forth the fruits of God, the Exalted, the Powerful, the Great".
Bahá'u'lláh refers to his male descendants as branches ()
and calls women leaves.
A distinction has been made between the tree of life and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. The latter represents the physical world with its opposites, such as good and evil and light and dark. In a different context from the one above, the tree of life represents the spiritual realm, where this duality does not exist.
The tree of life appears in the
in a revelation to . It is symbolic of the love of God. The tree represents or symbolizes both Heavenly Mother, Asherah, and Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ. Its fruit is described as "most precious and most desirable above all other fruits," which "is the greatest of all the gifts of God". In another scriptural book, salvation is called "the greatest of all the gifts of God". In the same book eternal life is also called the "greatest of all the gifts of God". Because of these references, the tree of life and its fruit is sometimes understood to be symbolic of
and post-mortal existence in the presence of God and his love.
11th century Tree of Life sculpture at an ancient
In Dictionnaire Mytho-Hermetique (Paris, 1737), , a famous , identified the Tree of Life with the
suggests that a tree-worshipping culture arose in
and was diffused by the so-called "Younger Dryas" event of c. 8000 BCE, when the sea level rose. This culture reached China (Szechuan), then
and the . Finally the Finno-Ugaritic strand of this diffusion spread through
where the Norse myth of
took root.
(: ????????) is an ancient
Tree of Life symbol.
In , trees played (and, in the form of reconstructive Heathenry and , continue to play) a prominent role, appearing in various aspects of surviving texts and possibly in the name of gods.
The tree of life appears in
as , the world tree, a massive tree (sometimes considered a
or ) with extensive lore surrounding it. Perhaps related to Yggdrasil, accounts have survived of ' honouring sacred trees within their societies. Examples include , , the , and the wooden
pillar. In , the apples from 's ash box provide immortality for the gods.
10 , through which the
unknowable Divine manifests Creation. The configuration relates to
depicts the Tree of Life in the form of ten interconnected nodes, as the central symbol of the . It comprises the ten
powers in the Divine realm. The
emphasis of this
theology interpreted the Torah, Jewish observance, and the purpose of Creation as the symbolic esoteric drama of unification in the Sephirot, restoring harmony to Creation. From the time of the
onwards, Jewish Kabbalah became incorporated as an important tradition in non-Jewish Western culture, first through its adoption by , and continuing in
occult . These adapted the Judaic Kabbalah Tree of Life
by associating it with other religious traditions, esoteric theologies, and magical practices.
The concept of world trees is a prevalent motif in
and . World trees embodied the four , which represented also the fourfold nature of a central world tree, a symbolic
connecting the planes of the Underworld and the sky with that of the terrestrial world.
Depictions of world trees, both in their directional and central aspects, are found in the art and mythological traditions of cultures such as the , , , , , and others, dating to at least the Mid/Late Formative periods of . Among the Maya, the central world tree was conceived as or represented by a
tree, and is known variously as a wacah chan or yax imix che, depending on the . The trunk of the tree could also be represented by an upright , whose skin evokes the tree's spiny trunk.
Directional world trees are also associated with the four Yearbearers in , and the directional colors and deities.
which have this association outlined include the ,
. It is supposed that Mesoamerican sites and ceremonial centers frequently had actual trees planted at each of the four cardinal directions, representing the quadripartite concept.
World trees are frequently depicted with birds in their branches, and their roots extending into earth or water (sometimes atop a "water-monster," symbolic of the underworld). The central world tree has also been interpreted as a representation of the band of the .
In a myth passed down among the , The World on the Turtle's Back, explains the origin of the land in which a tree of life is described. According to the myth, it is found in the heavens, where the first humans lived, until a pregnant woman fell and landed in an endless sea. Saved by a giant turtle from drowning, she formed the world on its back by planting bark taken from the tree.
The tree of life motif is present in the traditional
cosmology and traditions. It is sometimes described as Grandmother Cedar, or Nookomis Giizhig in .
In the book , , an Oglala
(Sioux) wi?há?a wak?á? ( and holy man), describes his vision in which after dancing around a dying tree that has never bloomed he is transported to the other world (spirit world) where he meets wise elders, 12 men and 12 women. The elders tell Black Elk that they will bring him to meet "Our Father, the two-legged chief" and bring him to the
where he sees the tree in full leaf and bloom and the "chief" standing against the tree. Coming out of his trance he hopes to see that the earthly tree has bloomed, but it is dead.
In , the tree of life as a religious concept forms the basis of . Trees were the first things created on Earth by the supreme being
among the ). In the competing versions of the
creation myth, the Somb () and the Saas tree () are both viewed as trees of life. However, the prevailing view is that, the Somb was the first tree on Earth and the progenitor of . The Somb was also used in the , many of which had survived for more than a thousand years. Thus, Somb is not only the Tree of Life in Serer society, but the symbol of immortality.
The Tree of Life, as seen as in , a
state in the
The World Tree or Tree of Life is a central symbol in .[] It is a common .
In 2009 it was introduced as the main design of the common
sub-unit 5 .
portrayed his version of the tree of life in his painting, . This iconic painting later inspired the external facade of the "New Residence Hall" (also called the "Tree House"), a colorful 21-story student residence hall at
In 's poem
(part of , 1633), the Tree of Life is the
on which Jesus Christ was crucified. In ' , the Tree of Life plays a role, especially in the sixth published book (the first in the in-world chronology) .
' 2009 film
ends with the two young protagonists directed towards the Tree of Life.
film released in May 2011, starring ,
film franchise features a Tree of Life, in a more science-based version of the mythical tree. In the 2011
superhero film , the
explains that the Nine Realms of the Asgardian cosmos are linked by , the
Tree of Life, which is here interpreted as a nebula in space connecting the planets in an orbit.
episode Good Intentions of , a fruit from the Tree of Life is revealed to be one of the four ingredients protagonists
along with
need to open a portal into an alternate universe. In the following episode A Most Holy Man, Castiel is mentioned to be looking for it in .
This section needs additional citations for . Please help
by . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2015) ()
gets its name from the Latin for "tree of life."
The Tule tree of
is also associated with a real tree. This
can be found in , .
There is a
is an 87-foot (27 m) high sculpture in the
that is also known as the "Tree of Life".
In some parts of the
and in the , the
is considered the "tree of life" as its parts can easily be used for short/medium term survival such as for food, shelter, and various implements.
theme park features an artificial tree dubbed "", which has about 325 carvings of different species of animals. Inside the tree is the
attraction.
tree is regarded as a "tree of life" or "miracle tree" by some because it is arguably the most nutritious source of plant-derived food discovered on the planet. Modern scientists and some missionary groups have considered the plant as a possible solution for the treatment of severe malnutrition and aid for those with HIV/AIDS.
Giovino, Mariana (2007). , page 129. Saint-Paul.  
"As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these, if vigorous, branch out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface with its ever-branching and beautiful ramifications." Darwin, The Origin of Species (1872), 104f.
Tryggve N. D. Mettinger (2007). . Eisenbrauns. p. 5.   2014.
. Britannica.com.
. Iranicaonline.org.
. The gods of the E or, Studies in Egyptian mythology. 2011.
For other direct references to the tree of life in the Jewish biblical canon, see also , .
. Britannica.com.
. Kmt.himalayaninstitute.org. Archived from
on December 7, 2013.
Gheddo, Piero (March 20, 2005). . AsiaNews.it.
. CrossroadsInitiative.com.
Augustine, The Literal Meaning of Genesis, VIII, 4, 8 (On Genesis, New City Press, p. 351-353)
The Bible (King James version), The Revelation of St. John, chapter & verses as noted.
Saint Isaac the Syrian says that "Paradise is the love of God, in which the bliss of all the beatitudes is contained," and that "the tree of life is the love of God" (Homily 72).
Wheeler, Brannon (2002).
(annotated ed.). Continuum. p. 24.  . Abu Hurayrah: The Prophet Muhammad said: "In Paradise is a tree in the shade of which the stars course 100 years without cutting it: the Tree of Immortality.
, ed. (2006). . Taylor & Francis. p. 11.  . Unlike the biblical account of Eden, the Qur'an mentions only one special tree in Eden, the Tree of Immortality, from which Adam and Eve were prohibited.
Three Translations of the Koran (Al-Qur'an) Side by Side  , "Shall I show thee the tree of immortality and power that wasteth not away? S: But the Shaitan made an ev he said: O Adam! Shall I guide you to the tree of immortality and a kingdom which decays not? "
Maulana Muhammad Ali (2011) Introduction to the Study of the Holy Qur'an "This in itself gives an indication that it is the well-known tree of evil, for both good and evil are compared to two trees in
and elsewhere. This is further corroborated by the devil's description of it as “the tree of immortality” (), ..."
Bilal Khalid. . Al Islam 2014.
. Islam International Publications. p. 86 2014.
* (1976). . Oxford, UK: George Ronald. p. 80.  .
Kazemi, Farshid (2009). . Bahá'í Studies Review 15.
Smith, Peter (2000). . A Concise Encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. p. 30.  .
Liya, Sally (2004).
in: Solas, 4. Donegal, Ireland. Association for Baha'i Studies English-Speaking Europe. P. 55.
Abdu'l-Baha, Some Answered Questions, p. 122.
(1993). The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya. London: Thames and Hudson.  .
Finley, Michael (2003). . The Real Maya Prophecies: Astronomy in the Inscriptions and Codices. Maya Astronomy. Archived from
on 6 January .
Freidel, David A.; ; Joy Parker (1993). Maya Cosmos: Three Thousand Years on the Shaman's Path. William Morrow & Co.  .
. Visions of the Other World. First People of America and Canada - Turtle Island 2015.
(in French) , "La Civilisation
- Pangool", vol. 2., Les Nouvelles Editions
(1990), pp 125–6, 199–200,  
(in French) & (in English) Niangoran-Bouah, Georges, "L'univers Akan des poids à peser l'or : les poids dans la société", Les nouvelles éditions africaines - MLB, (1987), p 25,  
. MASCO: Medical Academic and Scientific Community Organization. MASCO, Inc.
Albertson, Cammila (2009). . .
. Leafforlife.org. .
Weekend Edition Saturday (). . NPR.
Burger DJ; Fuglie L; Herzig JW (12 July 2002). . Archived from
on 1 September .
Marsella, Elena Maria (1966). The Quest for Eden. New York: .  .
Wikimedia Commons has media related to .
– Tree of Life Web Project at tolweb.org
at onezoom.org
at treesforlife.org
at demoringa.com - Encyclopedia illustrated in Spanish on the Moringa
The Ilanot Project. Haifa Uni.
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