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学习笔记（8）
工作（18）
工作中遇到ubi文件系统镜像的烧录，遇到一些问题。
一个是如何在bootloader中添加支持烧录ubi镜像的功能，uboot中已有此功能，这里说的是本身不支持烧写ubi文件系统镜像的bootloader。方法是直接读ubi镜像进行烧写，但是如果遇到读到的页全是全0xff的的页，则跳过直接不写。
另一个是使用烧录器烧录ubi文件系统镜像时，一定要确保烧录器也是遇到全0xff的页跳过不烧录，不然也会出问题，这个需要和烧录器厂商确认。
所以如果自己开发烧录ubifs的工具，一定要记住这一点。
其实上述注意事项在ubi的官方文档中已经有说明：
If your UBI image contains&&file
system, and your flash is NAND, you may have to drop&0xFF&bytes the end of input PEB data. This is very important, although not
required for all NAND flashes. Sometimes a failure to do this may result in very unpleasant problems which might be difficult to debug later. So we recommend to always do this.（摘自）
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UBI文件系统简介
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&&u​-​b​o​o​t​ ​下​u​b​i​的​使​用​
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​使​用​Q​E​M​U​模​拟​搭​建​A​R​M​开​发​平​台​(​二​)​―​―​加​入​b​u​s​y​b​o​x​支​持
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& 综合 & 正文
U-Boot中ubi和ubifs命令的使用
原文地址：
（1）查看MTD分区表
U-Boot$ mtdparts
mtdparts variable not set, see 'help mtdparts'
no partitions defined
mtdids : nand0=nandflash0
mtdparts: mtdparts=nandflash0:1536k(bootloder),512k(params),4m(kernel),16m(safefs),-(rootfs)
U-Boot$ mtdparts
mtdparts variable not set, see 'help mtdparts'
no partitions defined
mtdids : nand0=nandflash0
mtdparts: mtdparts=nandflash0:1536k(bootloder),512k(params),4m(kernel),16m(safefs),-(rootfs)
（2）载入默认分区表
U-Boot$ mtdparts default
（3）激活分区
U-Boot$ ubi part safefs
Creating 1 MTD partitions on "nand0":
0x-0x : "mtd=3"
device_name0:mtd=3
UBI: attaching mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: physical eraseblock size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB)
UBI: logical eraseblock size: 129024 bytes
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048
UBI: sub-page size: 512
UBI: VID header offset: 512 (aligned 512)
UBI: data offset: 2048
scanning error 0
UBI: attached mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: MTD device name: "mtd=3"
UBI: MTD device size: 16 MiB
UBI: number of good PEBs: 127
UBI: number of bad PEBs: 1
UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128
UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
UBI: number of user volumes: 1
UBI: available PEBs: 0
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 127
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 2
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 4/1
Creating 1 MTD partitions on "nand0":
0x-0x : "mtd=3"
device_name0:mtd=3
UBI: attaching mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: physical eraseblock size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB)
UBI: logical eraseblock size: 129024 bytes
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048
UBI: sub-page size: 512
UBI: VID header offset: 512 (aligned 512)
UBI: data offset: 2048
scanning error 0
UBI: attached mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: MTD device name: "mtd=3"
UBI: MTD device size: 16 MiB
UBI: number of good PEBs: 127
UBI: number of bad PEBs: 1
UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128
UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
UBI: number of user volumes: 1
UBI: available PEBs: 0
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 127
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 2
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 4/1
查看当前激活的分区：
U-Boot$ ubi part
Device 0: nand0, partition safefs
Device 0: nand0, partition safefs
（4）挂载分区
U-Boot$ ubifsmount safefs
UBIFS: recovery needed
UBIFS: recovery deferred
UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "safefs"
UBIFS: mounted read-only
UBIFS: file system size:
bytes (13860 KiB, 13 MiB, 110 LEBs)
UBIFS: journal size: 9033728 bytes (8822 KiB, 8 MiB, 71 LEBs)
UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
UBIFS: default compressor: LZO
UBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
UBIFS: recovery needed
UBIFS: recovery deferred
UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "safefs"
UBIFS: mounted read-only
UBIFS: file system size:
bytes (13860 KiB, 13 MiB, 110 LEBs)
UBIFS: journal size: 9033728 bytes (8822 KiB, 8 MiB, 71 LEBs)
UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
UBIFS: default compressor: LZO
UBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)
（5）查看分区的内容
U-Boot$ ubifsls
&DIR& 3840 Tue Apr 20 07:42:09 2010 bin
&DIR& 480 Fri Aug 28 02:32:54 2009 dev
&DIR& 2416 Thu Jan 01 00:18:47 1970 etc
&DIR& 5464 Tue Apr 20 07:54:28 2010 lib
&DIR& 480 Tue Apr 20 07:42:01 2010 mnt
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 opt
&DIR& 224 Tue Apr 20 09:19:29 2010 tmp
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 sys
&DIR& 736 Thu Feb 26 07:25:19 2009 var
&DIR& 608 Fri Aug 28 02:32:54 2009 usr
&DIR& 296 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 boot
&DIR& 224 Tue Apr 20 07:42:01 2010 home
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 proc
&DIR& 2528 Tue Sep 14 08:50:07 2010 sbin
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 root
&LNK& 11 Tue Sep 14 08:24:07 2010 linuxrc
706 Wed Sep 15 08:47:30 2010 burn.usb
52 Wed Jun 30 06:30:21 2010 readme
697 Wed Sep 15 08:47:43 2010 burn.cf
664 Wed Sep 15 08:47:17 2010 burn.sd
&DIR& 3840 Tue Apr 20 07:42:09 2010 bin
&DIR& 480 Fri Aug 28 02:32:54 2009 dev
&DIR& 2416 Thu Jan 01 00:18:47 1970 etc
&DIR& 5464 Tue Apr 20 07:54:28 2010 lib
&DIR& 480 Tue Apr 20 07:42:01 2010 mnt
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 opt
&DIR& 224 Tue Apr 20 09:19:29 2010 tmp
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 sys
&DIR& 736 Thu Feb 26 07:25:19 2009 var
&DIR& 608 Fri Aug 28 02:32:54 2009 usr
&DIR& 296 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 boot
&DIR& 224 Tue Apr 20 07:42:01 2010 home
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 proc
&DIR& 2528 Tue Sep 14 08:50:07 2010 sbin
&DIR& 160 Fri Aug 28 01:37:57 2009 root
&LNK& 11 Tue Sep 14 08:24:07 2010 linuxrc
706 Wed Sep 15 08:47:30 2010 burn.usb
52 Wed Jun 30 06:30:21 2010 readme
697 Wed Sep 15 08:47:43 2010 burn.cf
664 Wed Sep 15 08:47:17 2010 burn.sd
（6）查看某个文件
U-Boot$ ubifsload
Loading file 'readme' to addr 0x with size 52 (0x)...
Loading file 'readme' to addr 0x with size 52 (0x)...
U-Boot$ md
6f 4c206c6c safefs
6f 200a2e73 PC3250 Boards..
130 302d-0
a0a0a31 00 1...............
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