The Evolution of Modern Medicine by William Osler - Free Ebook
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Bibliographic Record
The Evolution of Modern Medicine
A Series of Lectures Delivered at Yale University on the Silliman Foundation in April, 1913
Origin of medicine -- Greek medicine -- Mediaeval medicine -- The Renaissance and the rise of anatomy and physiology -- The rise and development of modern medicine -- The rise of preventive medicine.
Release Date
Feb 22, 2006
Copyright Status
Public domain in the USA.
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audio books by Jane AustenThe&Evolution&of&Trust
Let’s play a game……
&Two characters stand at the opposite sides
of a machine. They are going to be tested on about their trust to
each other.
&Players can choose to cooperate or lie to the
two characters cooperated, they can get two points.
If they both decided to lie, everyone
won’t get points. However, if one character lied to a cooperator,
the liar will get three points----the cooperator’s
points will minus one.
word, there is the situation that both two players can get points.
But if other one lies to you, the cooperator, he/she will get more
points than the situation which both two players can get points,
but yours is worse than the situation which characters both lie to
each other.
&Cooperation or Lie, that’s a
&I surfed on the Internet and wanted to find a
word in English which can explain all kinds of these games.
It is Game Playing. These games have some things
in common. There
isn’t a perfect answer and it tests our
trust. The
game which I described is a great example. These
games are all similar, but it is useful today when people
don’t trust each other as much as
will meet a stranger and you don’t
know how he /she is but you know you won’t
meet each other again, you should lie to him/her because of data:
whether he/she does, lie to the other is the better choice.
&However, do people do as this around us? The
answer is a big “NO”.
Why? Because it is one of most human’s
characteristic:&be friendly suitably to a
stranger. Human is living for those wonderful things in the
world. For
example, my parents won’t
lie to the Pinky-Forever,
a never-lie girl, for higher points.
&But if you play this game with the same
character many times, you will find that the energy of kindness
become bigger, because people may change their choice by the last
bound of game’s
result and lie to each other isn’t
exactly a worthy trade.
is one kind of people who lie forever that called
evil-forever. Of
course, he can defeat Pinky-Forever, but he would never win at
fact, three repeaters&who
choose the same choice you chose last times can defeat
22evil-forever in take-turn games.
&We all understand that the trust is not easy as
Choosing1 or 2. The
appearance of human’s
society is like a net that involve
individuals.&
Download the
App called The
Evolution of Trust,&and you will find that there
are more and more factors taking part in this game, such as new NBC
characters, the can-change times of interactions, the can-change
pay of characters in every situations and can-change percentage of
&&Certainly,
there are more factors influencing the trust around us than that in
games: position, fame, business and culture……
&&Nonetheless,
the complex&world we live can influence
our consideration&completely that do not trust
others as much as before and lose trust. Some
may say the game makes the players, but the players influence the
are the environment we live. We
can do it slowly and slowly when the situation which both players
can win is exist. Maybe
we can remedy the ability of trust to others like English soldiers
and Germany soldiers who spent Christmas together during the World
War I and many repeated
interactions
已投稿到：
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点，不代表新浪网的观点或立场。The Experience and Evolution of Trust: Implications for Cooperation and Teamwork on JSTOR
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The Experience and E...
Journal Article
Gareth R. Jones and Jennifer M. George
The Academy of Management Review
Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jul., 1998), pp. 531-546
Published by:
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/259293
Page Count: 16
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Emotional states
Political attitudes
Psychological attitudes
Social interaction
Social psychology
Emotional expression
Interactionism
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In this article we analyze the way that trust evolves in organizations and how it influences cooperation and teamwork. We propose that the experience of trust is determined by the interplay of people's values, attitudes, and moods and emotions. Then, using the perspective of symbolic interactionism, we examine how trust evolves and changes over time, describing two distinct states or forms of trust: conditional and unconditional. We look, too, at the factors involved in the dissolution of trust. Finally, we explore the relationship between trust and an important component of organizational performance and competitive advantage: interpersonal cooperation and teamwork.
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Processing your request...Irving Wladawsky-Berger: Platforms, Blockchains, and the Evolution of Trust
A collection of observations, news and resources on the changing nature of innovation, technology, leadership, and other subjects.
in a June, 2014 NY Times OpEd, - .  “Trust was face to face.  Then, in the mass economy we’ve been used to, people bought from large and stable corporate brands, whose behavior was made more reliable by government regulation.  But now there is a new trust calculus, powered by both social and economic forces.”
.  Rooms for rent in boarding houses and child and pet care services are nothing new.  What’s new is the impact of technology, platforms and blockchain in particular, on the growing on-demand economy.  Companies are being disrupted as consumers are now able to deal with each other bypassing traditional hotels and taxi services.  All kinds of on-demand products and services are .
of on-demand companies is their ability to aggregate lots of resources from their suppliers and integrate them with the trust needed to attract customers.  The classic hotels business is based on integrating property with trust, that is, the rooms they make available to customers with the trust created through their brand and reputation that attracts customers to come stay in the hotel.  Trust has been the hotel’s key barrier to entry from individual competitors with rooms to let.
Lodgings have now been commoditized.  offers more than 3 million listings in over 65,000 cities in almost 200 countries around the world.  Its competitive advantage is its Internet-based reputation systems for trust between hosts and guests, based on the ratings of over 200 million guests.  By integrating its reservation and trust management systems, Airbnb has been able to achieve an extraordinary global scale in less than a decade.
by venture capitalists and other investors.  New firms continue to enter the market in segment after segment, bringing together consumers and providers of goods and services with their highly scalable platforms and innovative applications.  This new class of on-demand companies rely on freelance workers and asset providers instead of on a classic company workforce and assets.
, or should we just accept that this is the way capitalism has always worked and celebrate their innovative business models?
 noted, on-demand communities “have been delving deep into what it means to be running a collaborative business model within a capitalist framework.  Are the two even compatible?  Or is there a fundamental conflict at the heart of an industry that preaches collaboration but, due to being radically commercialised by venture capital money from Silicon Valley, also needs to profiteer from the goodwill of others if it’s to remain viable?”
Instead, these freelancers should have fully portable digital credentials and reputations.  “How else can you take your reputation and your accumulated credit with you to another territory or platform without having to start again?  How can you ensure freedom and preserve your reputation if every time you change your mind about where you want to engage in bartering or sharing online you’re going to have to start with a zero reputation score?”
drive the economies of scale of successful platform companies.  The more products or services a platform offers, the more users it will attract, helping it then attract more offerings, which in turn brings in more users.  Moreover, the larger the network, the more data is available to customize offerings to user preferences and better match supply and demand, further increasing the platform’s value.
in a recently published Harvard Business Review article, - .  De Filippi is a researcher at the
(CNRS) in Paris and faculty associate at Harvard’s .  She’s also a co-founder of , the Coalition of Automated Legal Applications, a multidisciplinary initiative focused on the impact of blockchain technologies on society.
Blockchain facilitates the exchange of value in a secure and decentralized manner, without the need for an intermediary…  With a blockchain, software applications no longer need to be deployed on a centralized server: They can be run on a peer-to-peer network that is not controlled by any single party.  These blockchain-based applications can be used to coordinate the activities of a large number of individuals, who can organize themselves without the help of a third party.  Blockchain technology is ultimately a means for individuals to coordinate common activities, to interact directly with one another, and to govern themselves in a more secure and decentralized manner.”
A 2015 Economist 
called blockchain “The Trust Machine,” and noted in one of its
that blockchain “offers a way for people who do not know or trust each other to create a record of who owns what that will compel the assent of everyone concerned.  It is a way of making and preserving truths.”
conducted by IBM on the state of adoption of blockchain. 
interviewed almost 3,000 C-Suite executives from over 80 countries and 20 industries to learn about their company’s blockchain plans.  8 percent of respondents were early adopters, already involved in blockchain pilots and experiments, while 25 percent were considering but not yet ready to deploy blockchains.
analyzed the responses of the early adopters to figure out what’s driving them to embrace blockchain at this early stage.  It found that early adopters
as a kind of trust accelerator, helping to build trust in several ways: increased transactional transparency, higher data quality and accuracy, increased trust in transaction reliability, and improved security against fraud and cybercrime.
And since there is no intermediary operator, the value produced within these platforms can be more equally redistributed among those who have contributed to the value creation.”  Her article cited a few such recent startups in social networks, marketplaces and transportation.
And yet, as time went by, most of the promises and dreams of the early internet days faded away, as big giants formed and took control over our digital landscape.”The Evolution of Trust is a cute explain-o-game about cooperation | Rock, Paper, Shotgun
The Evolution of Trust is a cute explain-o-game about cooperation
By Samuel Horti on July 30th, 2017 at 9:00 am
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Here’s something nice, but also depressing. I started playing The Evolution of Trust [], a short browser-based game, expecting it to show me why trusting other people is a good thing. Ten minutes in, it’s taught me that I need to cheat more.
It has you playing a quick ‘Game of Trust’. If you stick a coin into a machine, the person at the other side gets three coins, and vice versa. So, should you co-operate and play the slot, or cheat, withhold your money and hope the sucker on the other side is feeling generous?
It’s really a teaching tool for learning the (very) basics of game theory. It talks you through your options, takes you through different scenarios and discusses how trust can evolve over time, hence the name. In the coin game, it turns out that always cheating is the best option if there’s less than five rounds, but if there’s more the best way forward is to copy your opponent’s last action. I won’t explain all the reasoning and mechanics behind it – if you’ve got a spare half an hour then .
It’s well-presented with scribble-y hand drawn characters and feeds my love of beautiful infographics. The music is a little annoying if you’ve got it running in the background, so maybe mute the tab if you get pulled away.
By the way, if you want some competition, I managed to get 27 out of 49 in the test, which is about five minutes in. Let me know how you fared!
