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信用证的操作
Operation of& L/C
信用证的性质与作用 Features and Functions of
信用证的分类Classification of L/C
1. revocable L/C/irrevocable L/C
可撤销信用证/不可撤销信用证　　
2．confirmed L/C/unconfirmed L/C 保兑信用证/不保兑信用证　　
3．sight L/C/usance L/C 即期信用证/远期信用证 　　
4．transferable L/C(or)assignable L/C(or)transmissible L/C
/untransferable L/C 可转让信用证/不可转让信用证 　　
5．divisible L/C/undivisible L/C
可分割信用证/不可分割信用证　　
6．revolving L/C 循环信用证 　　
7．L/C with T/T reimbursement clause 带电汇条款信用证 　　
8．without recourse L/C/with recourse L/C
无追索权信用证/有追索权信用证
9．documentary L/C/clean L/C 跟单信用证/光票信用证 　　
10．deferred payment L/C/anticipatory L/C
延付信用证/预支信用证　　
11．back to back L/Creciprocal L/C 对背信用证/对开信用证　　
12．traveller's L/C(or:circular L/C) 旅行信用证
信用证有关各方Parties in L/C
1. opener 开证人：
（1）applicant 开证人（申请开证人） 　（2）principal
开证人（委托开证人） 　　（3）accountee 开证人 　　（4）accreditor
开证人（委托开证人） 　　（5）opener 开证人 　　（6）for account of
Messrs 付（某人）帐 　　（7）at the request of Messrs
应（某人）请求 　　（8）on behalf of Messrs 代表某人 　　（9）by
order of Messrs 奉（某人）之命 　　（10）by order of and for
account of Messrs 奉（某人）之命并付其帐户 　　（11）at the request
of and for account of Messrs 应（某人）得要求并付其帐户　　（12）in
accordance with instruction received from accreditors
根据已收到得委托开证人得指示 　　
2．beneficiary 受益人
（1）beneficiary 受益人 （2）in favour of
以（某人）为受益人（3）in one's favour 以……为受益人（4）favouring
yourselves 以你本人为受益人
3．drawee 付款人（或称受票人，指汇票）
（1）to drawn on (or :upon) 以（某人）为付款人 （2）to value on
以（某人）为付款人 （3）to issued on 以（某人）为付款人
4．drawer 出票人
5．advising bank 通知行 （1）advising bank 通知行 （2）the
notifying bank 通知行 （3）advised through…bank
通过……银行通知　（4）advised by airmail/cable through…bank
通过……银行航空信/电通知
6．opening bank 开证行 　（1）opening bank 开证行 （2）issuing
bank 开证行 （3）establishing bank 开证行
7．negotiation bank 议付行 　（1）negotiating bank
议付行　（2）negotiation bank 议付行
8．paying bank 付款行
9．reimbursing bank 偿付行
10．the confirming bank 保兑行
&Terms and Conditions in L/C
1) Amount 信用证金额
　1. amount RMB￥… 金额：人民币 　2．up to an aggregate amount
of Hongkong Dollars… 累计金额最高为港币…… 　3. for a sum (or
:sums) not exceeding a total of GBP… 总金额不得超过英镑……　4．to
the extent of HKD… 总金额为港币…… 5．for the amount of USD…
金额为美元…… 6．for an amount not exceeding total of JPY…
金额的总数不得超过……日元的限度
Stipulations for the shipping Documents
1. available against surrender of the following documents
bearing our credit number 　　and the full name and address of the
凭交出下列注名本证号码和开证人的全称及地址的单据付款
2．drafts to be accompanied by the documents marked(×)below
汇票须随附下列注有（×）的单据
3．accompanied against to documents hereinafter 随附下列单据
4．accompanied by following documents 随附下列单据
5．documents required 单据要求
6．accompanied by the following documents marked(×)in
随附下列注有（×）的单据一式两份
7．drafts are to be accompanied by…
汇票要随附（指单据）……
a. &Drafts（Bill of
Exchange）　
1.& the kinds of drafts 汇票种类 （1）available
by drafts at sight 凭即期汇票付款 （2）draft（s）to be drawn at 30
days sight 开立30天的期票 　（3）sight drafs 即期汇票 （4）time
drafts 远期汇票
2& .drawn clauses
出票条款（注：即出具汇票的法律依据）　　
（1）all darfts drawn under this credit must contain the clause
“Drafts drawn Under Bank of…credit No.…dated…”
本证项下开具的汇票须注明“本汇票系凭……银行……年……月……日第…号信用证下开具”的条款　　
（2）drafts are to be drawn in duplicate to our order bearing
the clause “Drawn under United Malayan Banking
Corp.Bhd.Irrevocable Letter of Credit No.…dated July 12, 1978”
汇票一式两份，以我行为抬头，并注明“根据马来西亚联合银行日第……号不可撤销信用证项下开立”
(3) draft（s）drawn under this credit to be marked：“Drawn
under…Bank L/C No.……Dated (issuing date of credit)”
根据本证开出得汇票须注明“凭……银行……年……月……日（按开证日期）第……号不可撤销信用证项下开立”
(4) drafts in duplicate at sight bearing the clauses“Drawn
under…L/C No.…dated…”
即期汇票一式两份，注明“根据……银行信用证……号，日期……开具”
(5)& draft（s）so drawn must be in scribed with
the number and date of this L/C
&开具的汇票须注上本证的号码和日期
(6 ) draft（s）bearing the clause：“Drawn under documentary
credit No.…(shown above) of…Bank”
汇票注明“根据……银行跟单信用证……号（如上所示）项下开立”
c. &Invoice
1). signed commercial invoice 已签署的商业发票 （in duplicate
一式两 in triplicate 一式三份 in quadruplicate 一式四份 in
quintuplicate 一式五份 in sextuplicate 一式六份 in septuplicate
一式七份 in octuplicate 一式八份 in nonuplicate 一式九份 in
decuplicate 一式十份）　　
2)．beneficiary's original signed commercial invoices at least
in 8 copies issued in the name of the buyer indicating
（showing/evidencing/specifying/declaration of）the merchandise,
country of origin and any other relevant information.
以买方的名义开具、注明商品名称、原产国及其他有关资料，并经签署的受益人的商业发票正本至少一式八份
3)．Signed attested invoice combined with certificate of origin
and value in 6 copies as reuired for imports into Nigeria.
以签署的，连同产地证明和货物价值的，输入尼日利亚的联合发票一式六份
4)．beneficiary must certify on the invoice…have been sent to
the accountee 受益人须在发票上证明，已将……寄交开证人
5)．4% discount should be deducted from total amount of the
commercial invoice 商业发票的总金额须扣除4%折扣
6)．invoice must be showed: under A/P No.… date of expiry 19th
Jan. 1981 发票须表明：根据第……号购买证，满期日为日
7)．documents in combined form are not acceptable
不接受联合单据
8．combined invoice is not acceptable 不接受联合发票
d. Bill of Loading——提单
full set shipping（company's）clean on board bill（s）of lading
marked "Freight Prepaid" to order of shipper endorsed to … Bank,
notifying buyers
全套装船（公司的）洁净已装船提单应注明“运费付讫”，作为以装船人指示为抬头、背书给……银行，通知买方
bills of lading made out in negotiable form
作成可议付形式的提单
clean shipped on board ocean bills of lading to order and endorsed
in blank marked "Freight Prepaid" notify: importer（openers,
accountee）洁净已装船的提单空白抬头并空白背书，注明“运费付讫”，通知进口人（开证人）
full set of clean “on board” bills of lading/cargo receipt made
out to our order/to order and endorsed in blank notify buyers M/S
… Co. calling for shipment from China to Hamburg marked “Freight
prepaid” / “Freight Payable at
Destination”全套洁净“已装船”提单/货运收据作成以我（行）为抬头/空白抬头，空白背书，通知买方……公司，要求货物字中国运往汉堡，注明“运费付讫”/“运费在目的港付”
bills of lading issued in the name of… 提单以……为抬头
bills of lading must be dated not before the date of this credit
and not later than Aug. 15, 1977
提单日期不得早于本证的日期，也不得迟于日
7.&&&&&&&&&&&
bill of lading marked notify: buyer, “Freight Prepaid” “Liner
terms” “received for shipment” B/L not acceptable
提单注明通知买方，“运费预付”按“班轮条件”，“备运提单”不接受
8.&&&&&&&&&&&
non-negotiable copy of bills of lading 不可议付的提单副本
e. &Certificate of Origin
1．certificate of origin of China showing 中国产地证明书 stating
证明 evidencing 列明 specifying 说明 indicating 表明 declaration of
2．certificate of Chinese origin 中国产地证明书
3．Certificate of origin shipment of goods of … origin
prohibited 产地证，不允许装运……的产品
4．declaration of origin 产地证明书（产地生明）
5．certificate of origin separated 单独出具的产地证
6．certificate of origin “form A” “格式A”产地证明书
7．genetalised system of preference certificate of origin form
“A” 普惠制格式“A”产地证明书
f. Packing List and Weight List
1．packing list detailing the complete inner packing
specification and contents of each package
载明每件货物之内部包装的规格和内容的装箱单
2．packing list detailing… 详注……的装箱单
3．packing list showing in detail… 注明……细节的装箱单
4．weight list 重量单
5．weight notes 磅码单（重量单）
6．detailed weight list 明细重量单
g.　Other Documents
full set of forwarding agents＇ cargo receipt
全套运输行所出具之货物承运收据
air way bill for goods consigned to…quoting our credit number
以……为收货人，注明本证号码的空运货单
parcel post receipt 邮包收据
Parcel post receipt showing parcels addressed to…a/c accountee
邮包收据注明收件人：通过……转交开证人
parcel post receipt evidencing goods consigned to…and quoting our
credit number 以……为收货人并注明本证号码的邮包收据
certificate customs invoice on form 59A combined certificate of
value and origin for developing countries
适用于发展中国家的包括价值和产地证明书的格式59A海关发票证明书
pure foods certificate 纯食品证书
combined certificate of value and Chinese origin
价值和中国产地联合证明书
a declaration in terms of FORM 5 of New Zealand forest produce
import and export and regultions 1966 or a declaration FORM the
exporter to the effect that no timber has been used in the packing
of the goods, either declaration may be included on certified
customs invoice
依照1966年新西兰林木产品进出口法格式5条款的声明或出口人关于货物非用木器包装的实绩声明，该声明也可以在海关发票中作出证
10.& Canadian custtoms invoice（revised
form）all signed in ink showing fair market value in currency of
country of export
用出口国货币标明本国市场售价，并进行笔签的加拿大海关发票（修订格式）　
11.& Canadian import declaration form 111 fully
signed and completed 完整签署和填写的格式111加拿大进口声明书
The Stipulation for Shipping Terms　　
1. loading port and destination装运港与目的港 　　
1) despatch/shipment from Chinese port to…
从中国港口发送/装运往……
2）evidencing shipment from China to…CFR by steamer in transit
Saudi Arabia not later than 15th July, 1987 of the goods specified
列明下面的货物按成本加运费价格用轮船不得迟于日从中国通过沙特阿拉伯装运到……
2．date of shipment 装船期
（1）bills of lading must be dated not later than August 15,
1987 提单日期不得迟于日
（2）shipment must be effected not later than（or on）July
30,1987 货物不得迟于（或于）日装运
（3）shipment latest date… 最迟装运日期：……
(4)evidencing shipment/despatch on or before…
列明货物在…年…月…日或在该日以前装运/发送
(5)from China port to … not later than 31st August, 1987
不迟于日从中国港口至……
3．partial shipments and transhipment 分运与转运
partial shipments are （not） permitted （不）允许分运
partial shipments （are） allowed
（prohibited）准许（不准）分运
without transhipment 不允许转运
transhipment at Hongkong allowed 允许在香港转船
partial shipments are permissible, transhipment is allowed except
at… 允许分运，除在……外允许转运
partial/prorate shipments are perimtted 允许分运/按比例装运
(7)transhipment are permitted at any port against, through
B/lading 凭联运提单允许在任何港口转运
Date & Address of Expiry
1. valid in…for negotiation until… 在……议付至……止
2．draft（s） must be presented to the negotiating（or
drawee）bank not later than…
汇票不得迟于……交议付行（受票行）
3．expiry date for presention of documents… 交单满期日
4．draft（s） must be negotiated not later than…
汇票要不迟于……议付
5．this L/C is valid for negotiation in China （or your port）
until 15th, July 1977 本证于日止在中国议付有效
6．bills of exchange must be negotiated within 15 days from the
date of bills of lading but not later than August 8, 1977
汇票须在提单日起15天内议付，但不得迟于日
7．this credit remains valid in China until 23rd May,
1977（inclusive）本证到日为止，包括当日在内在中国有效
8．expiry date August 15, 1977 in country of beneficiary for
negotiation 于日在受益人国家议付期满
9．draft（s） drawn under this credit must be presented for
negoatation in China on or before 30th August, 1977
根据本证项下开具的汇票须在日或该日前在中国交单议付
10．this credit shall cease to be available for negotiation of
beneficairy＇s drafts after 15th August, 1977
本证将在日以后停止议付受益人之汇票
11．expiry date 15th August, 1977 in the country of the
beneficiary unless otherwise
除非另有规定（本证）于日受益人国家满期
12．draft（s） drawn under this credit must be negotiation in
China on or before August 12, 1977 after which date this credit
凭本证项下开具的汇票要在日或该日以前在中国议付，该日以后本证失效
13．expiry （expiring） date… 满期日……
14．…if negotiation on or before… 在……日或该日以前议付
15．negoation must be on or before the 15th day of shipment
自装船日起15天或之前议付
16．this credit shall remain in force until 15th August 197 in
China 本证到日为止在中国有效
17．the credit is available for negotiation or payment abroad
until… 本证在国外议付或付款的日期到……为止
18．documents to be presented to negotiation bank within 15 days
after shipment 单据需在装船后15天内交给议付行
19．documents must be presented for negotiation within…days
after the on board date of bill of lading/after the date of
issuance of forwarding agents＇ cargo receipts
单据需在已装船提单/运输行签发之货物承运收据日期后……天内提示议付
The Guarantee of the Opening Bank
1. we hereby engage with you that all drafts drawn under and in
compliance with the terms of this credit will be duly honored
我行保证及时对所有根据本信用证开具、并与其条款相符的汇票兑付
2．we undertake that drafts drawn and presented in conformity
with the terms of this credit will be duly honoured
开具并交出的汇票，如与本证的条款相符，我行保证依时付款
3．we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsers and bona-fide
holders of draft（s） drawn under and in compliance with the terms
of the credit that such draft（s） shall be duly honoured on due
presentation and delivery of documents as specified （if drawn and
negotiated with in the validity date of this
credit）凡根据本证开具与本证条款相符的汇票，并能按时提示和交出本证规定的单据，我行保证对出票人、背书人和善意持有人承担付款责任（须在本证有效期内开具汇票并议付）
4．provided such drafts are drawn and presented in accordance
with the terms of this credit, we hereby engage with the drawers,
endorsers and bona-fide holders that the said drafts shall be duly
honored on presentation
凡根据本证的条款开具并提示汇票，我们担保对其出票人、背书人和善意持有人在交单时承兑付款
5．we hereby undertake to honor all drafts drawn in accordance
with the terms of this credit
所有按照本条款开具的汇票，我行保证兑付
Reimbursement
1．instruction to the negotiation bank 议付行注意事项
（1）the amount and date of negotiation of each draft must be
endorsed on reverse hereof by the negotiation bank
每份汇票的议付金额和日期必须由议付行在本证背面签注
（2）this copy of credit is for your own file, please deliver
the attached original to the beneficiaries
本证副本供你行存档，请将随附之正本递交给受益人
（3）without you confirmation thereon （本证）无需你行保兑
（4）documents must be sent by consecutive airmails
单据须分别由连续航次邮寄（注：即不要将两套或数套单据同一航次寄出）
（5）all original documents are to be forwarded to us by air
mail and duplicate documents by sea-mail
全部单据的正本须用航邮，副本用平邮寄交我行
（6）please dispatch the first set of documents including three
copies of commercial invoices direct to us by registered airmail
and the second set by following airmail
请将包括3份商业发票在内的第一套单据用挂号航邮经寄我行，第二套单据在下一次航邮寄出
（7）original documents must be sent by Registered airmail, and
duplicate by subsequent airmail
单据的正本须用挂号航邮寄送，副本在下一班航邮寄送
（8）documents must by sent by successive（or succeeding）
airmails 单据要由连续航邮寄送
（9）all documents made out in English must be sent to out bank
in one lot 用英文缮制的所有单据须一次寄交我行
2．methods of reimbursement 索偿办法
（1）&&&&&&&
in reimbursement, we shall authorize your Beijing Bank of China
Head Office to debit our Head Office RMB Yuan account with them,
upon receipt of relative documents
偿付办法，我行收到有关单据后，将授权你北京总行借记我总行在该行开立的人民币帐户
（2）in reimbursement draw your own sight drafts in sterling
on…Bank and forward them to our London Office, accompanied by your
certificate that all terms of this letter of credit have been
complied with
偿付办法，由你行开出英镑即期汇票向……银行支取。在寄送汇票给我伦敦办事处时，应随附你行的证明，声明本证的全部条款已经履行
（3）available by your draft at sight payable by us in London on
the basis to sight draft on New York
凭你行开具之即期汇票向我行在伦敦的机构索回票款，票款在纽约即期兑付
（4）in reimbursement, please claim from our RMB￥ account held
with your banking department Bank of China Head Office Beijing with
the amount of your negotiation
偿付办法，请在北京总行我人民币帐户中索回你行议付之款项
（5）upon presentation of the documents to us, we shall
authorize your head office backing department by airmail to debit
the proceeds to our foreign business department account
一俟向我行提交单证，我行将用航邮授权你总行借记我行国外营业部帐户
（6）after negotiation, you may reimburse yourselves by debiting
our RMB￥ account with you, please forward all relative documents
in one lot to us by airmail
议付后请借记我行在你行开立的人民币帐户，并将全部有关单据用航邮一次寄给我行
（7）all bank charges outside U.K. are for our principals
account, but must claimed at the time of presentation of documents
在英国境外发生的所有银行费用，应由开证人负担，但须在提交单据是索取
（8）negotiating bank may claim reimbursement by T.T. on
the…bank certifying that the credit terms have been complied with
议付行须证明本证条款已旅行，并按电汇条款向……银行索回货款
（9）negotiating bank are authorized to reimburse themselves to
amount of their negotiation by redrawing by airmail at sight
on…bank attaching to the reimbursement draft their certificate
stating that all terms of the credit have been complied with and
that the original and duplicate drafts and documents have been
forwarded to us by consecutive airmail
议付行用航邮向……银行重开一份即期汇票索取议付条款。索偿汇票须附上证明，声明本证所有条款已履行，单据的正副本已由连续航次寄交我行
Practical Operations---Documentation
Specimen&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2. Assignment
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点，不代表新浪网的观点或立场。> 问题详情
进口备用信用证诈骗案
×年初，D公司（申请人)向B银行（开证行)提交了合同、申请书和备用信用证
悬赏：0&答案豆
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进口备用信用证诈骗案&&案情&&×年初，D公司(申请人)向B银行(开证行)提交了合同、申请书和备用信用证格式，并存足了百分之百的保证金，要求开证行为其开出金额为50万美元的远期备用信用证，用于进口轿车，受益人(卖方)为香港T公司。银行经办员在审核有关资料时，发现合同确实显示T公司为卖方，且上面有买卖双方人员的签章，合同条款还规定：“T公司保证在收到开证行开出的备用信用证后，立即发货，买方一年后付款，不计利息。”但是，对方提供的备用证格式却有两个疑点：&&1．此格式(据称为C行标准格式)的申请人和受益人分别是T公司和香港P银行，而非D公司和T公司；&&2．责任条款是开证行保证T公司向P银行归还贷款，而不是保证D公司付款。&&于是，B银行提醒D公司注意，并提供了专门作为付款保证的备用证格式给D公司参考，D公司将此格式传真给T公司请其确认，但T公司拒绝接受，并诡称：“此格式在香港不能使用”，一定要按原提供的格式开具，而且必须开给P银行，否则，将把货转卖他人。D公司眼看轿车市场价格上涨，唯恐失去赚钱机会，便再三要求开证行开证。鉴此，开证行设法通过香港某咨询机构调查受益人资信情况，获悉T公司曾有利用备用证诈骗供货商商品和买方定金的前科，当即转告申请人，随后，又致电C行查询，收到复电称“该行从未开过上述格式的备用信用证”。至此，真相大白，从而戳穿了诈骗分子这一骗术，使我方企业免遭重大经济损失。
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利用备用信用证追回欠款案&&案情&&×年4、5月间，我某外贸进出口公司(卖方)在偶然的机会中与香港某贸易发展有限公司(买方)分别签订了五份出口销售合同。合同总金额为65万多美元，付款方式全都是见票付款托收方式(D/P at sight on collect basis)。×年6月初，前四批货物分两批陆续从上海港装船发出，运到目的港。卖方也陆续分两次将四套总价值为45万美元的托收单据通过中国银行某分行寄往香港买方的账户银行办理托收。由于这四批货发货时间紧凑，所以到第四批货物发出后，第一批货款亦将到期，但客户坚持验完全部货后再付款，因而一拖再拖，直至逾期一个月之久。&&正当卖方千方百计要追回这四笔货款时，同年7月中旬买方又提出要执行第五个总金额为20万美元的合同，卖方为了追回前四笔货款，又能保住客户，正常收汇，故提出结汇方式改为即期信用证付款方式(Payment by letter of credit at sight)，同时又提出对前四笔托收的催收。而买方则提出：因资金不足，执行完第五个合同后一次付清。为此，买卖双方僵持不下。后经洽商，买方接受了如下条件：卖方同意向买方执行第五份销售合同，向买方提供20多万美元的货物，同时，买方根据修改后的合同开立一份不可撤销跟单信用证，该信用证是即期议付信用证。为了保证单证相符，该信用证主要条款均由卖方拟定。并将该信用证条款作成：&&We hereby agree with the drawees，endorsers and bona—fide holders of all drafts drawn under and in compliance with theterms of this credits that such drafts will be duly honored uponpresentation to the drawees．And the payment will be the amountof USD 200,000.00 plus additional payment for the amount of USD 450,000.00 under beneficiary's S/C No：95ST×××onthe collection basis which was ensured by the applicant andagreed by the applicant and the beneficiary．&&我们谨此向汇票出票人、背书任何善意持票人承诺：当该信用证项下单证相符时，我们将对受票人的汇票提示予以支付。支付时，我们将在托收方式下另付美元，作为对受益人第95ST×××号售货确认书项下托收货款的支付。这是开证人保证的，也是开证人和受益人同意的。&&基于同样的道理，买方应卖方的要求，同意再开立一份不可撤销备用信用证。若在信用证结算时，还未将前四笔托收款项付清时，卖方可凭信用证项下结汇水单、违约证明及应收金额的汇票执行该不可撤销信用证。&&但事实上，买方根本不愿履约付款，而是迫不及待地按卖方要求开立了一份不可撤销的跟单信用证，并频频来传真催促发货，却只字不提前四笔托收款项的事，也不提开立备用信用证的事。&&卖方则立即发传真明确通知买方，根据买卖双方×年7月13日合同规定，买方须开立两个信用证，一是不可撤销跟单信用证，一是不可撤销备用信用证。因此，买方只有开立了不可撤销备用信用证后，卖方才能执行不可撤销跟单信用证，否则将不会发货。&&由于客户在签订了这五个合同后，立即又将合同卖给另一客户，而且还是政府招标工程的原材料。若买方不能按时、按质、按量将发货，买方将要承担高额罚款。因此，买方要货心情急迫。但是，他仍然坚持：保证在第五批支付货款时，同时将所欠四笔货款付清。卖方仍然坚持初衷：必须开立不可撤销备用信用证方可发货。&&买方在万般无奈之下，终于通过原开立跟单信用证的银行，开立了一份不可撤销备用信用证。该备用信用证的有效期迟于跟单信用证有效期后一个月。&&卖方在收到备用信用证并审核无误时立即在上海发了第五批价值20多万美元的货物，并在发货三天时，按跟单信用证的要求缮制了一套单据交中行议付，并附上了一套托收项下的45万美元的汇票，并要求议付行进行电索。&&果然不出卖方所料，10天后，开证银行支付了该笔议付金额。但是，买方未能将前四笔货款按第五个合同的规定一并付来。卖方立即发传真给客户，嘱其立即支付前四笔货款。而买方来电称：资金仍然困难，容一个月后即付，并表示承担利息。显而易见，一个月后，这个不可撤销备用信用证将会失效，如同一张废纸。届时，买方又能将前四笔45万美元的贷款无限期地拖延下去。&&卖方立即按照备用信用证的要求，缮制了一套45万美元的即期汇票，附上跟单信用证项下的结汇水单(应是65万多美元，实则是20多万美元)及一份违约证明书，一并交原议付行向国外追索。10天后，开证行将45万美元付出。&&这笔业务终于在利用备用信用证的条件下，安全收回拖欠几个月的四笔托收款项，实现了利用备用信用证与托收、跟单信用证的配合，最终追回逾期货款的目的。2案例
伪造旅行支票诈骗案&&案情&&日，A市甲公司财务人员到乙银行A分行营业部要求兑付9张每张价值1000美元的由美国丙公司发行的旅行支票。该银行业务人员审核后发现，这些旅行支票与运通公司的票样相比，支票的印刷粗糙，估计是彩色复印机所制；票面金额、徽标等没有凹凸感；复签底线也非由小字母组成，而是一条直线，估计是复印机无法分辨原票样的细微字母；票面在紫光灯光下泛白色，没有水印。经仔细查询审核，该行确认这些旅行支票为伪造票据，予以没收。&&经查，这些伪造的旅行支票是丁公司出具给甲公司抵债用的，甲公司准备兑付后还贷款。3案例
因汇款地址不详造成汇款无法解付案&&案情&&某年某月某日，上海A银行某支行有一笔美元汇出汇款通过其分行汇款部办理汇款，分行经办人员在审查时发现汇款申请书中收款银行一栏只填写了“Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp．Ltd．(汇丰银行)”，而没有具体的城市名和国家名，由于汇丰在世界各地有众多的分支机构，汇出行的海外账户行收到这个汇款指令时肯定无法执行。为此，经办人员即以电话查询该支行的经办人员，后者答称当然是香港汇丰银行，城市名称应该是香港。本行经办人员即以汇丰银行香港分行作为收款人向海外账户行发出了付款指令。事隔多日，上海汇款人到支行查询称收款人告知迄今尚未收到该笔款项，请查阅于何日汇出。分行汇款部当即再一次电海外账户行告知收款人称尚未收到汇款，请复电告知划付日期。账户行回电称，该笔汇款已由收款银行退回，理由是无法解付。这时，汇出行再仔细查询了汇款申请书，看到收款人的地址是新加坡，那么收款银行理应是新加坡的汇丰银行而不是香港的汇丰银行，在征得汇款人的同意后，重新通知其海外账户行将该笔汇款的收款银行更改为“Hongkongand Shanghai Banking Corp．Lt d．，Singapore”，才最终完成了这笔汇款业务。4案例
汇出行失误造成的汇款解付延误案&&案情&&某年某月某日，某客户去上海A银行查询1000美元的个人汇入款。据客户告知是通过上海A银行的总行在纽约的账户行美洲银行汇划的。但是，上海A银行查询记录未发现该笔汇款。经多次查询美洲银行方知纽约美洲银行将该笔汇款误入该银行某省分行的分账户，最终由该省分行以异地联行划付方式汇至上海该行从而解付给收款人，前后共延误60天。
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